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- Class 11th English Chapter -2 Nalanda Ancient seat of learning Question Answer
- Nalanda Ancient seat of learning Short and long Question Answer
11th class english chapter -2
Nalanda : Ancient seat of learing
Written by - Doctor Rajendra Prasad
Textual Question
A. Work in a small groups and answer these questions orally :
Q. 1 who was Dr rajendra Prasad answer?
Answer - Dr. rajendra Prasad was the first president of the Republic of India.
Q.2 When and where was he born?
Answer - Doctor rajendra Prasad was born in 1884 at Ziradehi in Bihar.
Q.3 What is the contribution to the nation?
Answer- Doctor rajendra Prasad was statesman, scholar, historian, educationist, lofty idealist, social reformer and above all a great constructive thinker.
Q.4 Where is nalanda? What was it famous for in the past?
Answer- Nalanda is situated in Bihar. it was famous in the past for the renowned ancient university in the world.
B.1. Answer the following question briefly:
Q.1 Why had people gethered in nalanda?
Answer- People had gathered in nalanda with the Noble aim of reviving the ancient glory of nalanda in the world of knowledge.
Q.2 What does nalanda symbolise?
Answer- Nalanda is the symbol of the the most glorious period of our history ,for not only did the quest of knowledge blossom here into the finest shape but also because it provided , at that time the varrious parts of Asia with knowledge.
Q. 3. With which great religious teacher is Nalanda associated ?
Ans. Nalanda is associated with Lord Buddha, who a great religious teacher.
Q. 4. When did it emerge as a flourishing university
Ans. Nalanda emerged as a flourishing university during the Gupta Age.
Q. 5. How long did Lord Mahavira live in Nalanda?
Ans. Lord Mahavira lived in Nalanda for 14 years.
Q. 6. Who was Lepa ? What did he do with Lord Buddha?
Ans. Lepa was a rich citizen of Nalanda. He welcomed Lord Buddha with his entire wealth and possessions. He also because his disciple.
Q. 7. Who was Fa-Hien ? When did he visit Nalanda?
Ans. Fa-Hien was a Chinese pilgrim. He visited Nalanda the 4th century AD.
Q. 8. When did Hieun T'sang visit India? Why did refer to a Jataka story?
Ans. Hieun T'sang visited India during the reign of Emperor Harshvardhan, in the 7th century A.D. He referred to a Jataka story and had written that Nalanda derived its name from Naa Lam-Da, which meant 'the peace of mind'. According to a Jataka story Lord Buddha had failed to achieve it (peace of mind) in his previous birth.
Q. 9. How was Nalanda University born?
Ans. Nalanda University was born with the assistance of people. It was run with unselfish and liberal public charity and donations. It is believed to have been founded originally with an endowment created by 500 traders who purchased land with their money and offered it to Lord Buddha as a gift.
Q. 10. How many viharas did Nalanda have ?
Ans. Nalanda had six large viharas at that time, standing in a row.
Q. 11. What arrangements were made to meet the ecurring expenditure of the University ?
Ans. The value of 100 villages were set apart in the form of a Trust to meet recurring expenditure of the university, besides the gifts of land and buildings.
Q. 12. Name the states that contributed to the maintenance of the Nalanda University.
Ans. UP, Bihar and Bengal were the states which contributed to the maintenance of the Nalanda University.
3.2. Answer the following questions briefly :
Q. 1. How many students and teachers were at Nalanda University when Hieun T'sang visited ?
Ans. There were 10,000 students and 1,500 teachers at the Nalanda University when Hieun T'sang visited Nalanda.
Q. 2. How was the pupil teacher ratio significant ?
Ans. The pupil teacher ratio was maintained in such a way that individual attention could be paid to the education and training of the students.
Q. 3. Name the countries from where the scholars came to study and collect Buddhist literature?
Ans. Scholars from countries such as China, Korea, Tibet, Turkistan, Mangolia and Indonesia came to Nalanda to study and collect Buddhist literature.
Q. 4. What kind of library did Nalanda possess?
Ans. Nalanda had the biggest library in Asia. There was a large collection of books and manuscripts in different subjects.
Q. 5. When was it destroyed?
Ans. The library at Nalanda was destroyed in the 12th century A.D.
Q. 6. What kind of library is there in your school college?
Ans. My college library is not as large as the library of Nalanda University had. But it is big and has a good collection of books.
Q. 7. How did several manuscripts survive?
Ans. In the 12th century the library was destroyed. Severa manuscripts were taken away to Nepal and Tibet and many those are still there. Thus several manuscripts survive.
Q. 8. How many lectures were delivered daily Nalanda ?
Ans. About a hundred lectures were delivered everyday Nalanda.
Q. 9. What was so unique about the academic attitude Nalanda ? How does it compare with the academic attitude at your school/college?
Ans. Nalanda University was unique in its academic attitude. It had exposed itself to the religion and philosophy of all mankind without any prejudice.
The academic climate of my college is not so much developed as it was in Nalanda University yet it is free from any prejudice. There is a very big library and the teachers are always ready to help the students.
Q. 10. How many subjects were made compulsory ?
Ans. Five subjects- Grammar, Logic, Medical Science, Handicraft and Philosophy -were made compulsory at Nalanda.
Q. 11. What appeal does Dr Rajendra Prasad make to hope people?
Ans. Dr Rajendra Prasad makes an appeal to the people to aim revive the educational system of the past and to re-establish on alanda as a centre of art, literature, philosophy, religion and science. Cultural renaissance can come about in the life of a nation only when a large number of determined scholars devote their life- me in search of truth. Though the Magadh Research Institute is till very young, yet it can be expected to develop into the centre any moulding it to the need of our age.
1. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS :
Q. 1. Describe, after Dr Rajendra Prsad, the academic activities at Nalanda. Assess the activities at your school/ college in the light of the academic activities at Nalanda.
Ans. Dr Rajendra Prasad, in his speech on the occasion of the foundation ceremony of Magadh Research Institute at nalanda on November 20, 1951, threw light on the past glory of Nalanda University. He called it "ancient seat of learning." He also highlighted the harmonious relationship between 'guru' (teacher) and 'shishya' (student) for imparting and receiving knowledge. Nalanda University had a vast campus comprising 300 big rooms and eight halls. It had the biggest library in Asia. There were five compulsory subjects and another four subjects were studied depending on one's own special interest. The five compulsory subjects were Grammar, Logic, Language, Medical Science and Crafts. The students from different distant countri especially from China, Korea, Tibet, Turkistan and Mongolia used to come to receive education at Nalanda. About a hundred lectures were delivered everyday at Nalanda. The University managed by a Trust which had 100 villages to meet recurring expenditure of the university.
The academic activities at my college is excellent. It is much improved in comparison with the other academic institutions. The teachers pay attention on individual student. In the tutorial classes the participation and interaction of every student essential. Home-work is given and teachers evaluate the answer books of all the students very carefully. Attendance is counted the time of filling up of the forms of Inter Examination so that students may not neglect the classes. Cultural programme and sports are also organised from time to time. The Music teacher and the Sports teacher inspire the students by explaining their importance and create interest in cultural programme and sports. In spite of all these things it cannot be said that activities of my college are so constructive and harmonious as was at Nalanda University. The activities of Nalanda University had acquired international recognition. Scholars of internati repute used to teach there. It expanded its light of knowledge distant countries of world.
Q. 2. 'The syllabus of Nalanda University was drawn th great wisdom.' Explain.
Ans. The syllabus of Nalanda University was prepared keeping in view all round development of the student. By following it students could enhance their practical knowledge which led them to success in their daily life. It had made a study of five subjects compulsory-grammar, through which one could get an adequate mastery of the language; logic, which taught the students to judge every issue rationally; medical science, a study of which enabled the students to keep themselves and others in perfect health. Handicraft was compulsory to make the students funancially independent. Besides these four subjects, religion and philosophy were studied, depending on one's own special interest. The courses of studies of Nalanda University were prepared with great attention which enabled the students to build up high ideal and men of character. It was prepared keeping in new the future prospect of the student.
Q. 3. Why were the students of Nalanda University increasingly successful in their daily life? How did the syllabus of Nalanda University help its students? Do you find our syllabus helpful to you? Evaluate your own syllabus in he light of the syllabus of Nalanda University.
Ans. The chief causes of the gradual increasing success of the students of Nalanda University in their daily life were (i) the skilful preparation of the syllabus and (ii) frequent interaction and individual care of the students.
The syllabus of Nalanda University was prepared keeping in view the practical problems which come on the way of success. The teachers used to guide the students properly. They watched their day-to-day activities and discipline. They took special care and precaution in building up the career of the students. The preparation of syllabus of the university was in such a way that it could look after all round development of the student. It provided perfect knowledge to them. It included all important subjects such as Medical Science, Grammar, Languages, Logic Crafts (Arts), Architecture etc. as compulsory subjects. There were other subjects like Philosophy and Religion. It depended on the students to select either of them as an optional subject. Thus the syllabus helped the students in carrying out their studies smoothly and in building up their career. Our syllabus has also been framed according to the need le present time. It also includes several subjects of science, arts and commerce. All the subjects of the syllabus have been grouped into four faculties- Humanities, Science, Commerce and Social Sciences. Provisions have been made according to the demand of time. Each subject provides specific and exhaustive knowledge the subject. The present syllabus has been constituted keeping mind the present problem of unemployment. It provides the latest knowledge of all the subjects.
Despite all these things, the syllabus of present-day cannot give the composite and ethical knowledge which the syllabus of Nalanda University provided. The purpose of the syllabus of Nalanda University was to provide the students the perfect knowledge of humanity and religion. It made the students aware with the purpose of life. The purpose of the present syllabus is to provide us knowledge to get a suitable job to lead a comfortable and easy Life.
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Nalanda : Ancient seat of learing ka Word Meaning
Literature - साहित्य
Tradition - परंपरा
Emerged - उभारना
Flourishing - विकसित
Scholarly - पांडित्यपूर्ण
Pilgrim - तीर्थयात्री
Outstanding - श्रेष्ठ , असाधारण
Derived - बनाना
Charity - दानशीलता
Donations - अनुदानो
Endowment - धन समर्पण
Full-fledged - पूर्ण विकसित
Inscription - लेख , लिपि
Telling - प्रभावशाली
Description - वर्णन
Spires - लात
Interspersed - छितराना
Architecture - गृह निर्माण विधा
Sculptures - मूर्तियों
Ornamentation - अलंकरण
Idols - मूर्तियों
Unequalled - अतुलनीय
Remains - अवशेषों
Archaeological - पुरातात्विक
Excavations - खुदाईयों
Worries - चिंताएं
Trust - न्याय
Recurring - बारंबार
Expenditure। - व्यय, खर्च
Maintenance - रखरखाव , अनुरक्षण
Statues - मूर्तियां
Envoy - राज्य प्रतिनिधि
Impressed - प्रभावित
Achievement - उपलब्धि
Expression - अभिव्यक्ति
Devotion - निष्ठा
Indelible Esteem - अमिट
Obvious - सम्मान , श्रद्धा
Manuscripts - पांडुलिपियों
Ensured - सुनिश्चित कर लिए
Perseveration - अनवरतता , सुरक्षा
Monks - मठ के साधुओं
Provision - व्यवस्था, प्रबंध
Liberalism - उदारवादीता
Unique - अनोखा
Attitude - विचार , भाव
Prejudice - पूर्वाग्रह
Wisdom - बुद्धि
Co-ordinated - सम्मन्वित
Penetrating - भेदती , तेज
Utilitarian - उपयोगी
Invitation - आमंत्रण
Converted - परिवर्तित किया
Contribution- चंदा , सहयोग
Extent - फैलाव , विस्तार
Impressive - प्रभाव कारी
Pursuit - खोज
Bygone - बीता
Era - युग
Renaissance - पुनर्जागरण
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