Bihar Board Class 11th के English Book ( RAINBOW PART -01) के Prose Section का Chapter - 11 ( THE THREE VOWS ) जो Mulk Raj Anand के द्वारा लिखा गया है । तो इस पोस्ट में हमलोग The Three vows ka Question Answer देखने वाले हैं 11th Class English Chapter 11 Question Answer Bihar Board
This Post included
- The Three vows Chapter ka Word Meaning
- Class 11th English Chapter - 11 : The Three vows Question Answer
- The three vows chapter ka idioms and phrases
11.THE THREE VOWS
Mulk Raj Anand
Word Meaning
Novelist - (n) नौवलिस्ट - उपन्यासकार
Career - (n) करीअर- जीवनवृत्त
Fiction - (n) फिक्शन - मनगढ़न्त कथा-साहित्य
Drafted - (v) ड्राफ्टेड - प्रारूप तैयार किए
Innovativeness - (n) इनोवेटिवनेस - नवप्रवर्तन
Originality - (n) ऑरिजीनैलिटी - मौलिकता
Reveals - (v) रिवील्स - व्यक्त करना
Routine - (n) रूटीन - दिनचर्या
Discipline - (n) डिसिप्लीन - अनुशासन
Sage - (n) सेज़ - साधु, संत
Demure - (adj) डिम्यूअ (र) मामूली
Galley - (n) गैली - लम्बा सस्ता कागज
Uncomfortably - (adv) अन्कम्फर्टेबली - दिक्कत से, आराम से नहीं
Faux pas - (phr) फॉक्स पैस - शर्म पैदा करने वाला विवेकहीन कार्य
Tempted - (v) टेम्पटेड - प्रलोभित करना
Penetratingly - (adv) पेनेट्रेटिंगली - तीक्ष्णता से
Discomfiture - (n) डिसकम्फीचर - परेशानी
Gunrunning - (v) गनरनिंग - बंदूक की आपूर्ति
Compartmentalise - (adj) कम्पार्टमेंटलाइज -
Embarrassed - (adj) इम्बैरेस्ड - घबड़ा देना
Pub-crawling - (n) पब-कालिंग - मधुशाला की ओर रेंगते कदम
Passion - (n) पैशन - तीव्र इच्छा, भावावेश
Benignly - (adv) - बिनाइनली - नम्रतापूर्वक
Vengeance - (n) वेन्जिएंस - बदला, प्रतिशोध
Sigh - (n) साईं - उच्छवास
IDIOMS AND PHRASES
He was engaged in teachin
2. Of approach to (ऑफ अप्रोच टू ) = पहूंच
His originality of approach to the fiction is well-known.
3. Stacked on (स्टैक्ड ऑन) = स्तूपीकृत, एकत्रित, ढेर । The sacks of wheat were stacked on the shelves.
4. To take down (टू टेक डाउन) = लिखना ।
He was ready to take down the notes.
5. Pats with (पैट्स विथ ) = थपथपाना ।
Rakhi Sawant patted her belly with light slaps.
6. To look like (टू लुक लाइक) = जैसा देखना, सदृश्य ।He looks like a foreigner.
7. Remove from (रीमूव फ्रॉम) = हटाना, दूर रखना । Our uniforms remove us from the people.
8. To pour into (टू पोर इन्टू) = उड़ेलना ।
She pours tea into one small cup daily in the morning.
9. Roll up (रॉल अप) = लपेटना । He rolled up his loose pyjamas.
11. Look up at (लुक अप ऐट) = देखना, ताकना । He looked up at the stranger.
12. Tobow...inshame at (टू बाउ... इन शेम ऐट) =शर्मिंदा होकर झुकाना , He bowed his head in shame at his heinous act.
13. Out of (आउट ऑफ) = परे । Indians consider sex out of marriage to be sin.
14. To stare at (टू स्टेयर एट) = टकटकी लगाकर देखना । We have no time to stare at beauties of nature.
15. To look away with (टू लूक अवे विद) = से दूसरी ओर देखना । Gandhiji looked away with an amused smile.
17. To inspire one to (टू इन्स्पायर वन टू) = प्रेरित करना । The principal inspired her to teach at that college.
18. To dream of (टू ड्रीम ऑफ) = सपना देखना । He said that he would dream of her at night.
19. To wipe something off = पोछना। It was very hot. He wiped sweat off his face.
20. To live up to = के अनुसार आचरण करना। = I want to live up to that ideal.
21. Stream of consciousness = चेतना का प्रवाह । Some novelists record streams of consciousness of characters in their writings.
22. To earn one's living = जीविकोपार्जन करना ।
No one can earn his living as writer in Bhojpuri.
23. Come to hand = मिल जाए। We should not use that adjective which comes to hand first.
24. Believe in = विश्वास करना । Some writers do not believe in writing about the poor.
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
A. Work in small groups and discuss the following questions:
Q. 1. What kind of dress do people around you usually wear?
Ans. Young people living around me usually wear trousers, shirts, T-shirts. In winter they wear jackets, sweaters and a few wear suits. The elderly people usually wear dhoti and kurta or trousers and kurta. The children and teenagers usually wear half- pants, T-shirts or shirts. The elderly ladies usually wear sarees, blouses etc. The young girls and babies usually wear suits. In winter they all wear cardigans.
Q. 2. Is the dress of a man important? How?
Ans. The dress of a man represents the class, culture and the state he belongs to. It also represents sometimes where he works in his uniform. The ladies' dresses are somehow similar in all states, classes and cultures.
Q. 3. Which dress do you feel more comfortable in ?
Ans. I feel more comfortable in trousers and T-shirt. Trousers and kurta also suit me and I feel very comfortable also in this combination.
B. 1. Answer the following questions briefly :
Q. 1. Who is the 'sage' referred to here? What is he doing when the scene opens?
Ans. The sage referred to here is Mahatma Gandhi. He is resting his back on a plank rest chair.
Q. 2. Who is Kasturba Gandhi ? What is she doing when K. C. Azad arrives?
Ans. Kasturba Gandhi is the wife of Mahatma Gandhi. When Azad arrives, she is smoothening Mahatma Gandhi's belly with a wet towel, patting the stomach with light slaps, assembling the mud pack material, heaving his body up and withdrawing.
Q. 3. Name the objects on the table.
Ans. The table kept on the left of Mahatma Gandhi has books and papers. The table on the right side has pencils, pens. inkpots and a white vessel covered with a wet cloth. Three brass cups are arranged beside it.
Q. 4. Who is Mahadeo Desai? What sort of a man is he?
Ans. Mahadeo Desai is the secretary of Mahatma Gandhi. He is a physically sound brown person with a strongly built appearance.
Q. 5. What does Kasturba Gandhi do at the arrival of K.C. Azad ?
Ans. Kasturba Gandhi leaves the place at the arrival of K. C. Azad.
Q. 6. What comment does Gandhi make on Azad's suit?
Ans. Gandhiji wonders whether Azad doesn't feel hot in the
Q. 7. What is Azad's reply to this comment ?
Ans. Gandhiji passed on a comment over K. C. Azad's suit. In course of his remarks on Azad, he uses some satirical words, by telling him that he has been looking like a monkey. Azad replies that he also looked like a monkey when he had put on a frock coat, pin stripe trousers and top hat in London. It shows his annoyance over Gandhiji's pinching comment on him.
Q. 8. What does Gandhi realise about foreign clothes? When did he realise this?
Ans. Gandhi has a very bitter idea about foreign clothes. According to him, a man looks like a monkey in a foreign dress. He realised it when he came back home from South Africa.
Q. 9. Who sang, 'I shall wear my trousers rolled'?
Ans. T. S. Eliot had composed a poem in which Prufrock had sung it.
Q. 10. Why do we in India have to wear scanty clothes?
Ans. We in India have to wear scanty clothes because the weather of our country is not cold.
Q. 11. Why has Azad come to Gandhi ?
Ans. K. C. Azad has come to Gandhi to show his novel.
B. 2. Answer the following questions briefly :
Q. 1. How many novels has Gandhi read?
Ans. Gandhi has read three novels of Tolstoy. These three novels are 'Death of Ivan Illych', 'Confession' and his autobiography. 'Childhood Boyhood Youth'. be
Q. 2. What did Gandhi learn from Tolstoy ?
Ans. Gandhi had learnt from Tolstoy that one should believe in non-violence.
Q. 3. What does Anand (Azad) want to learn from Gandhi ?
Ans. Azad wants to learn the art of writing story from Gandhiji. He wants to learn to write as he had written about the sweeper boy Uka.
Q. 4. What does Gandhi say about Uka ?
Ans. Gandhi says that Uka is a real person. He lives in the Ashram. He has learnt weaving in the Ashram. He is quite young. He had demonstrated to them how to clean latrines. He is also an expert in cooking food in the kitchen.
Q. 5. What is the condition for staying in the Ashram ?
Ans. The condition for staying in the Ashram is to make three vows. The vows are not to look at a woman with desire, not to drink wine or any other intoxcating drugs and to clean latrines once in a week as other do in turn.
Q. 6. Which book does Gandhi give to Azad ?
Ans. Gandhi gives to Azad the book 'Confession' written by Tolstoy.
Q. 7. What does Gandhi say about the fate of passion?
Ans. Gandhiji says that all passion ends in tragedy. If we run after passion we are bound to suffer a lot. Our existence even may be jeopardized. Gandhi warns us to get rid of passion.
Q. 8. What does Gandhi say about Krishna ?
Ans. Gandhi expresses his view about Lord Krishna. He says that Lord Krishna was the guide of Arjun in the Gita. He further explains that Lord Krishna had advised to have control of the senses as well as to be just and upright.
Q. 9. Why has Azad used big words?
Ans. Azad has followed the method of James Joyce, who made experiments in his novels and short-stories in recording the working of the mind of his characters in fiction.
Q. 10. Why does Azad write in English ?
Ans. Azad's mother-tongue is Punjabi. But the government has recognized English and Urdu as court languages. There were no publishers in Punjabi or Urdu. In his opinion no one can earn his living as a writer in Punjabi. In English his novel may get published in London and he might earn a lot. So he prefers to write in English.
Q. 11. What is Gandhi's punishment to Acharya Gorkha? Why does he punish him?
Ans. Gandhi's punishment to Acharya Gorkha is to remain on fort for whole day and night. He awarded punishment to Acharya Gorkha for his haughtiness and pride in rectifying himself of his such evils.
C.1. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS :
Q. 1. Describe the scene at the beginning.
Ans. The scene of Gandhi's Ashram begins with the description as follows. There are small rooms by the verandah of Mahatma Gandhi's cottage in Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad.
In a big room behind the verandah, a white woman has been typing, while an inmate is writing on a ledger. Further, at a short distance a female is seen spinning by the door of the cottage in the room on the right. In the verandah on the right side two secretaries are busy in correcting proofs, Mahatmaji is in a resting mood in the rest chair. Kasturba Gandhi, his wife, is busy in plastering his belly with thin mud. On the right side, a healthy unfair-complexioned secretary of Mahatma Gandhi, standing with pen and paper, is seen taking down his dictation. The table on the left of Gandhi has books and papers kept on it. Everything present in the Ashram appears to be moving round the Mahatma.
Q. 2. Describe Azad's girl-friend. What sort of a person is she?
Ans. Azad has a girl-friend. He is in great love with her. She is in great love with him. She is in jail in Ireland. He always dreams of her at night, as he does not meet her in the day time. His beloved seems to be a promising lady who believes in struggle to survive. She was working with Madam Maude Gonne in the Irish freedom struggle. The British police accused her of holding gun with her because she had come with two Irish men from Liverpool. Each of them had a pistol. It shows that she is a revolutionary woman too.
Q. 3. Is love associated only with beauty? Ans. Love is a vision of a person. It is a quality related to the heart rather than the mind. When anybody starts loving omeone he expresses his feelings in words and actions. It can be een in sacrifices for each other. Love is never a saleable commodity. It is a pious, innocent and sincere feeling of one for another. It cannot be bargained. Love is not associated with beauty only. Though it is one of the prime factors, there are other considerations and factors also. The qualities, feelings, sacrifies and such other conditions which make them come together are counted. So, love is not associated only with beauty.
Q. 4. What are the three vows? Why are they important?
Ans. When Azad expresses his desire to remain in the Ashram and become the assistant of Uka, a Harijan young boy living in the Ashram, to learn cooking and cleaning of latrine, Gandhi three vows were that he must not look at any woman with desire, directs him to take three vows. He places the condition to make three promises. Only then could he live in the Ashram. The that he must not drink wine or any other intoxicating drugs and that he will have to clean latrines once in a week.
All these vows laid down the conditions for living in the Ashram. It was necessary to maintain sanctity and discipline of the Ashram. Gandhi stresses the need of leading a pious and honest life.
Q. 5. Who was James Joyce? What does Azad say about James Joyce?
Ans. James Joyce was a prominent modern English writer. He was a successful author of books written in poetic prose. He had coined new words. Streams of consciousness can be seen recorded in his books. His language is satirical, uses puns and joined words. He was an experimenter in prose. He is known for his experimental techniques.
Azad likes James Joyce very much. He says that he thought of copying his (James Joyce) style of expression in his books. He thought of using big words and making puns. It was his idea that if he does so, English people will think, he has mastered the English language.
Q. 6. Note the way Gandhi and Azad look at Krishna and get inspiration from him. Can you cite any example of the same person or thing being viewed differently because of difference in attitude ?
Ans. Gandhi and Azad had a conversation relating to Lord Krishna. When Gandhi asked his name, he said it was Krishna Chander Azad. Krishna is after the name of Lord Krishna. Chander means "I want to be free and work for India's freedom". As such he had adopted 'Azad' as his surname. Gandhi tells him hat Lord Krishna was also the guide of Arjuna in the Gita. He advised control of the senses and sense of righteousness. Their scussion on this issue throws light on human activities and their ectifications.
Such tendency has been observed in distinguished personalities like Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Subhash Chandra Bose, Indira Gandhi, Jaya Prakash Narayan and thers. Though they all had the same spirit and gesture for the pliftment of the nation and the people, their ideas and attitudes ere different. They agreed on some points, but differed on many her issues. They had their own way of thinking and process of working.
Q. 7. What is Gandhi's advise to Azad about the use of language? Describe in your own words.
Ans. Gandhiji advises Azad to use simple words for his writing in English. After going through the written article of Azad he feels that his language is not easily understandable to common readers. So Gandhi's advice to Azad is in favour of the use of simple language that reader could easily understand. He further adds that Harijans do not talk in such big words. Gandhi cited his own example. He was also writing such tough language in the past. One of his English friends advised him to write simple language and Gandhi followed his advice. He began to write in the language of common people. So, it is his sincere advice to Azad to use the language used by the common people.
Q. 8. Describe the routine of the Ashram in your own words. What is the significance of routine in life? Do you follow any routine of your own?
Ans. Ashram had a very systematic routine. Gandhiji had advised the immates of the Ashram to lead a pious and simple life. They were emphatically directed to be honest, sincere, and social in all respects. Nobody was allowed to indulge in undesirable and nefarious activities. There were small rooms in the cottage of the Ashram. Untouchability was a crime there. There were certain conditions for the persons who lived there. Those conditions were to make a promise not to look at woman with desire, not to drink liquor there and to clean latrines once in a week. Some other codes of conduct were non-violence, sincerity, truthfulness, untouchability, equality, honesty, unity and struggle for independence of the nation.
Routine plays a dominant role in our life. It regulates the opportunity to prosper in life and helps in building a sound structure of our career. It also assists us in solving our problems. A routined-life is followed by strict discipline which offers us the fruit of success and helps in achievement of goal.
I have an experience of the benefits of routined life. I maintain routine for all my daily commitments and programmes. It helps me in solving my day-to-day problems.
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