Bihar Board Class 11th के English Book ( RAINBOW PART -01) के Prose Section का Chapter - 4 ( The Rule of the Road ) जो A.G Gardiner के द्वारा लिखा गया है । तो आज हमलोग The Rule of the Road ka Question Answer देखने वाले हैं
This Post included
- Class 11th English Chapter - 4 ( The Rule of the Road ) Question Answer
- The Rule of the Road Short and long Question Answer
Alfred George Gardiner was an English journalist, editor and author. His essays, written under the alias "Alpha of the Plough", are highly regarded. He was also Chairman of the National Anti-Sweating League, an advocacy group which campaigned for a minimum wage in industry.
Born: 2 June 1865, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
Died: 3 March 1946, Buckingham, United Kingdom
Other names: "Alpha of the Plough"
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
A. Work in small groups and discuss these questions:
Q. 1. Does democracy have anything to do with freedom?
Ans. The essence of freedom is the understanding and accommodation of problems and interest with our own. Democracy gives freedom of actions and thoughts. It also lays the foundation of social progress and prosperity. It does not allow a person (citizen) to create universal chaos, disorders and confusions. It needs discipline, order and rational approach to face the problems of a nation. Freedom maintains rules and regulations for the society as well as for the nation. Only the observance of the rules can deliver justice to the people and ensure the development of the country. The alternative is disturbance and anarchy. A democratic society or country can never allow its citizens or members to do so. To preserve the freedom of all, it is necessary to ensure a free and just social order that makes our freedom a reality.
Q. 2. In democracy citizen's role is of utmost importance. How?
Ans. In a democratic state the government is formed for the people, by the people and it is of the people. So people are the Soul of democracy. Every citizen's role becomes significant in democracy. But people think they can do whatever they like. But it is against the norm of democracy. It is because they have not Sh realized the importance of freedom and democracy. A nation is composed of individuals having diverse outlook. The spirit of adjustment and accommodation should be cultivated in democracy. Everyone has to give up some of his individual rights. One cannot be whimsical. Every citizen must use his or her wisdom. It will help better mutual understanding and ensure freedom for all.
Q. 3. Why are fundamental rights important to us?
Ans. Fundamental rights are guaranteed to the citizens by a constitutional, democratic, sovereign government. These are the rights which are necessary for the survival of the people. These rights are related to free expression of thought in writing and speech; freedom to keep and earn property, freedom to have employment, to follow one's own religion, to avail all the facilities which others can avail, to acquire knowledge and education according to one's own choice and intellect. These fundamental rights are too important for us for our developme as well as for the progress and prosperity of India.
Q. 4. Have you ever wondered what keeps the traffic move smoothly without running into one another ?
Ans. The rule of traffic regulates the flow of smooth movement of cars, vehicles and pedestrians. The vehicle should always be driven left hand side. At every zebra crossing there is the arrangement of traffic police who keep the vehicles in order. He ensures the liberty of movement of everyone by putting some restriction on all. He stops the vehicles of one side and then let the vehicles of other side move. In developed cities there are lighting system too. The red light is the signal to stop the vehicles. Yellow one indicates to be ready to move. The green is the symbol to let the vehicles pass from one side stopping the vehicles of the other side. The speed is also restricted on the busy roads. There are speed- breakers at several places to control the speed of the vehicle. All these provisions keep the traffic move smoothly without running into one another. It will not create chaos and the traffic will not get jammed.
B. 1. Answer the following questions briefly :
Q. 1. Why did the old lady refuse to walk on the pavement?
Ans. Once an old but stout lady was walking down the middle of a street. She had a basket in her hand. There were pavements along the road. But she did not use it. When she was asked to use the pavement meant for the pedestrians, she said that she had the liberty to walk as she liked.
Q. 2. How did she cause a chaos ?
Ans. The old lady was walking down the middle of the street. When she was asked to walk on the pavement meant for foot- passengers, she insisted on walking where she liked. In this way she got in everybody else's way and thus caused chaos and great confusion.
Q. 3. How has the author defined liberty ?
Ans. Generally people think that liberty is a personal freedom. But according to the author, it is not a real liberty. If people think so, the end of such liberty is inevitable. It will create disorder and chaos. Individual liberty must show respect to the liberties and sentiments of others. It is an adjustment of interests. Individual action should be controlled so that it may not encroach on the rights of others. Such social conduct is the essence of liberty and in this way alone can we get rid of selfishness. One curtails one's individual liberty in order that one may enjoy a social order which makes one's liberty a reality.
Q. 4. 'You have submitted to a curtailment of private liberty in order that you may enjoy a social order which makes your liberty a reality? What does the author mean?
Ans. By this statement the author means that some curtailment of private liberty is necessary so that all may enjoy their liberty in real sense. He gives example of driving vehicles. We have liberty to drive on the road as speedily as we can. But the traffic police man stops us all at times to alert the traffic movement creating disorder or jamming. He does so to allow smooth flow of vehicles so that every body can enjoy driving on the road.
Q. 5. What is the 'danger' the author is referring to in paragraph 2?
Ans. In paragraph 2 of 'The Rule of the Road', the author is referring to the danger of getting liberty. Drinking and walking remind us of the meaning of the rule of the road. It means that in order that liberties of all may be preserved, the liberties of everybody must be curtailed.
Q. 6. How is liberty a social contract ?
Ans. Liberty is not only a personal affair but a social contract too. The best way to safeguard personal liberty is to accept some restrictions on individual liberty. It is an adjustment of interests. An individual person wants his personal liberty. At the same time, he is aware of the liberty that other persons should get. Man is a social animal. People in society compromise in the matter of liberty with one another. Hence, it is right to say that liberty is a social contract.
B. 2. Answer the following questions briefly :
Q. 1. Are the rights of the people less important than the rights of the nations ?
Ans. The rights of the people are not so important as the right of the nations. A country has the right to attack other countries and crush the people of that country. Human rights are of great importance. The rights of a country cannot ignore human frights.
Q. 2. Why couldn't the author read his book during his rail journey?
Ans. The author could not read his book during his railway journey because another passenger began to talk in a loud and pompous voice to his companion. He talked on various topics which were of no interest to the author. He acted like a barrel- organ groaning out some very old song. It did not occur to him that he was disturbing others.
Q. 3. What does the author want to convey through the illustration of a trombone ?
Ans. The author through the illustration of a trombone wants convey a message. He is of the opinion that a person should be a judicious mixture of both an anarchist and a socialist.
Q. 4. What two types of reading does the author refer to? How are they different?
Ans. The author refers to types of reading - one for pleasure and the other as a hard task. Both are quite different. Once the author in a railway carriage was reading a Blue-Book. He was reading it for the very humble purpose of turning an honest penny out of it. The author did never read books for pleasure. If a person is reading a book for pleasure, it does not matter what is going on around him. But when he is reading a thing as a task he should have peaceful surroundings.
Q. 5. List the actions for which we "ask no one's leave".
Ans. (a) We ask for 'no one's leave' in the case of our clothes according to our choice i.e. wearing a tall hat, a frock a coat, sandals or going bare-foot being indifferent to others who laugh at us.
(b) Going to bed late or getting up early.
(c) Dyeing our hair or waxing moustache.
(d) Eating the food of our choice.
C. 1. Long Answer Questions :
Q. 1. What does the rule of the road mean? Give examples to show how necessary it is to preserve order in society.
Ans. The rule of the road means that some of our individual rights be sacrificed to preserve the interest and liberty of all. So a traffic policeman stands as the symbol of liberty. He is not a symbol of tyranny. A man may be in a hurry. But if a policeman stops his car, he should not feel that his liberty is violated. If the policeman does not interfere with the car-driver, he would
interfere with no body. The result would be that the place would become a place of great disturbance causing great confusion to the passer-by. As a result nobody would be able to move or cross the road. So, the rule of the road is necessary to preserve order and make the liberty of all a reality.
Q. 2. Who, according to A.G. Gardiner, is a civilized man?
Ans. According to A. G. Gardiner, it is quite a difficult task to decide who is a civilized man. He says that one cannot pass judgement upon oneself and declare that one is civilized or not. In the small matters of conduct and in the observance of the rules of the road, it becomes clear whether we are civilized or not. In order to be a civilized man, a man must preserve his own liberty and his social liberty as well. This can be achieved only by observing the rule of the road. In life great moments of sacrifices and heroism are rare. So sweet behaviour can sweeten our life.
Q. 3. Unchecked personal liberty would lead to social Ganarchy. Elaborate giving examples.
Ans. It is true that liberty is not an individual affair only, but it is a social conduct also. We have liberty of action as long as id our personal actions do not interfere or disturb others. But the moment they disturb others, we have to be cautious and impose some personal restrictions on our actions. There are things in which we are at liberty to do, as we like. For example, we can dress as we like or eat what we like. We can be wise or ridiculous, en harsh or easy, conventional or odd. This is our kingdom where we have liberty. But our liberty has certain restrictions. We cannot play music loudly, shout during our railway journey when there are other passengers in the compartment. Similarly, we can't blow motor horns loudly in the streets. These and many such actions which tend to disturb others in society. So they have got to be restricted. If we care for other's feelings, then others will also care for our feelings.
Q. 4. "Our personal liberty of action is restricted by other people's liberty." How? Give three examples.
Ans. We have personal liberty of action so long as it does not interfere with the liberty of others. But the moment it disturbs fo others, our liberty of actions becomes restricted. For example, we co can't play gramophone with our windows open, especially at de night because it will disturb our neighbours. Similarly, we cannot talk loudly in a railway carriage because it will disturb other passengers.
Q. 5. How can we enjoy personal liberty and also respect the liberty of our neighbours ? Give examples.
Ans. We can enjoy personal liberty and also respect the liberty of our neighbours. Rights and duties are inseparable affairs. My rights enjoin upon me to allow others to use their rights too. The two are supplementary. Together they generate peace and happiness.
We cannot live in peace and security unless our neighbours and we restrict our liberties to some extent. We are social beings and live in society. In the society an individual has as many duties and obligations as he has rights. Our life will become a pleasant experience if we become aware of our privileges and responsibilities. A person who is hearing music with a loud voice in his house, he is interfering or encroaching upon the liberty of his neighbours. The neighbours may not like to keep your home fire's burning. They prefer to have their Sunday afternoon undisturbed.
Q. 6. A reasonable consideration for the rights or feelings of others is the foundation of social conduct. How?
Ans. It has rightly been said that 'a reasonable consideration for the rights or feelings of others' is the foundation of social conduct. It is the social conduct that is significant. Social conduct demands that every member of a society should care for the rights and feelings of others. If we have the right to listen to the music of our own choice, then others also have the right to read or sleep in quiet. Nobody has the liberty to disturb them. We have no right to create disorder or nuisance to others in society.
We must recognize and respect the rights and feelings of others and then enjoy these rights. We have to preserve our individual liberty as well as our social liberty because both are the basis of social conduct. They follow the maximum "Live and let live'.
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